Convert Data from and to 'GeoJSON' or 'TopoJSON'

Convert data to 'GeoJSON' or 'TopoJSON' from various R classes, including vectors, lists, data frames, shape files, and spatial classes. 'geojsonio' does not aim to replace packages like 'sp', 'rgdal', 'rgeos', but rather aims to be a high level client to simplify conversions of data from and to 'GeoJSON' and 'TopoJSON'.

Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models

Functions to accompany A. Gelman and J. Hill, Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Combine Multidimensional Arrays

Combine multidimensional arrays into a single array. This is a generalization of 'cbind' and 'rbind'. Works with vectors, matrices, and higher-dimensional arrays (aka tensors). Also provides functions 'adrop', 'asub', and 'afill' for manipulating, extracting and replacing data in arrays.

Exploratory Analysis of Genetic and Genomic Data

Toolset for the exploration of genetic and genomic data. Adegenet provides formal (S4) classes for storing and handling various genetic data, including genetic markers with varying ploidy and hierarchical population structure ('genind' class), alleles counts by populations ('genpop'), and genome-wide SNP data ('genlight'). It also implements original multivariate methods (DAPC, sPCA), graphics, statistical tests, simulation tools, distance and similarity measures, and several spatial methods. A range of both empirical and simulated datasets is also provided to illustrate various methods.

Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution

Functions for reading, writing, plotting, and manipulating phylogenetic trees, analyses of comparative data in a phylogenetic framework, ancestral character analyses, analyses of diversification and macroevolution, computing distances from DNA sequences, reading and writing nucleotide sequences as well as importing from BioConductor, and several tools such as Mantel's test, generalized skyline plots, graphical exploration of phylogenetic data (alex, trex, kronoviz), estimation of absolute evolutionary rates and clock-like trees using mean path lengths and penalized likelihood, dating trees with non-contemporaneous sequences, translating DNA into AA sequences, and assessing sequence alignments. Phylogeny estimation can be done with the NJ, BIONJ, ME, MVR, SDM, and triangle methods, and several methods handling incomplete distance matrices (NJ*, BIONJ*, MVR*, and the corresponding triangle method). Some functions call external applications (PhyML, Clustal, T-Coffee, Muscle) whose results are returned into R.

Create 'Formattable' Data Structures

Provides functions to create formattable vectors and data frames. 'Formattable' vectors are printed with text formatting, and formattable data frames are printed with multiple types of formatting in HTML to improve the readability of data presented in tabular form rendered in web pages.

Data Structures for Single Cell Data

Defines S4 classes for single-cell genomic data and associated information, such as dimensionality reduction embeddings, nearest-neighbor graphs, and spatially-resolved coordinates. Provides data access methods and R-native hooks to ensure the Seurat object is familiar to other R users. See Satija R, Farrell J, Gennert D, et al (2015) , Macosko E, Basu A, Satija R, et al (2015) , and Stuart T, Butler A, et al (2019) , Hao Y, Hao S, et al (2021) and Hao Y, et al (2023) for more details.

Functions that Apply to Rows and Columns of Matrices (and to Vectors)

High-performing functions operating on rows and columns of matrices, e.g. col / rowMedians(), col / rowRanks(), and col / rowSds(). Functions optimized per data type and for subsetted calculations such that both memory usage and processing time is minimized. There are also optimized vector-based methods, e.g. binMeans(), madDiff() and weightedMedian().

Easily Install and Load the 'Tidyverse'

The 'tidyverse' is a set of packages that work in harmony because they share common data representations and 'API' design. This package is designed to make it easy to install and load multiple 'tidyverse' packages in a single step. Learn more about the 'tidyverse' at < https://www.tidyverse.org>.

Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations

Multiple imputation using Fully Conditional Specification (FCS) implemented by the MICE algorithm as described in Van Buuren and Groothuis-Oudshoorn (2011) . Each variable has its own imputation model. Built-in imputation models are provided for continuous data (predictive mean matching, normal), binary data (logistic regression), unordered categorical data (polytomous logistic regression) and ordered categorical data (proportional odds). MICE can also impute continuous two-level data (normal model, pan, second-level variables). Passive imputation can be used to maintain consistency between variables. Various diagnostic plots are available to inspect the quality of the imputations.