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Bayesian Emulation of Computer Programs
Allows one to estimate the output of a computer program, as a function of the input parameters, without actually running it. The computer program is assumed to be a Gaussian process, whose parameters are estimated using Bayesian techniques that give a PDF of expected program output. This PDF is conditional on a training set of runs, each consisting of a point in parameter space and the model output at that point. The emphasis is on complex codes that take weeks or months to run, and that have a large number of undetermined input parameters; many climate prediction models fall into this class. The emulator essentially determines Bayesian posterior estimates of the PDF of the output of a model, conditioned on results from previous runs and a user-specified prior linear model. The package includes functionality to evaluate quadratic forms efficiently.
Methods for Changepoint Detection
Implements various mainstream and specialised changepoint methods for finding single and multiple changepoints within data. Many popular non-parametric and frequentist methods are included. The cpt.mean(), cpt.var(), cpt.meanvar() functions should be your first point of call.
Create and Explore Geographic Zoning Systems
Functions, documentation and example data to help divide
geographic space into discrete polygons (zones).
The package supports new zoning systems that are documented in the
accompanying paper,
"ClockBoard: A zoning system for urban analysis",
by Lovelace et al. (2022)
Non-Ordered Vectors
Functionality for manipulating values of associative
maps. The package is a dependency for mvp-type
packages that use the STL map class: it traps
plausible idiom that is ill-defined (implementation-specific) and
returns an informative error, rather than returning a possibly
incorrect result. To cite the package in publications please use
Hankin (2022)
Propensity to Cycle Tool
Functions and example data to teach and
increase the reproducibility of the methods and code underlying
the Propensity to Cycle Tool (PCT), a research project and web application
hosted at < https://www.pct.bike/>.
For an academic paper on the methods,
see Lovelace et al (2017)
Create, Read, Write, and Work with 'iCalendar' Files, Calendars and Scheduling Data
Provides function to create, read, write, and work with 'iCalendar' files (which typically have '.ics' or '.ical' extensions), and the scheduling data, calendars and timelines of people, organisations and other entities that they represent. 'iCalendar' is an open standard for exchanging calendar and scheduling information between users and computers, described at < https://icalendar.org/>.
Flexible Framework for Developing Spatial Interaction Models
Develop spatial interaction models (SIMs). SIMs predict the
amount of interaction, for example number of trips per day, between
geographic entities representing trip origins and destinations.
Contains functions for creating origin-destination datasets
from geographic input datasets and calculating movement between
origin-destination pairs with constrained, production-constrained,
and attraction-constrained models (Wilson 1979)
Import 'OpenStreetMap' Data as Simple Features or Spatial Objects
Download and import of 'OpenStreetMap' ('OSM') data as 'sf' or 'sp' objects. 'OSM' data are extracted from the 'Overpass' web server (< https://overpass-api.de/>) and processed with very fast 'C++' routines for return to 'R'.
Octonions and Quaternions
Quaternions and Octonions are four- and eight- dimensional extensions of the complex numbers. They are normed division algebras over the real numbers and find applications in spatial rotations (quaternions), and string theory and relativity (octonions). The quaternions are noncommutative and the octonions nonassociative. See the package vignette for more details.
The Gauss Hypergeometric Function
The Gaussian hypergeometric function for complex numbers.