A General Framework for Latent Class and Profile Analysis

Provides a unified framework for finite-mixture latent variable models, including latent class analysis (LCA), latent profile analysis (LPA), latent class/profile analysis with covariates, and latent transition analysis (LTA), within one consistent interface. Estimation methods include the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm; neural network estimation, which requires 'Python' and its dependent libraries; integration with 'Mplus', which requires an installed copy of 'Mplus'; and stochastic EM (SEM) through the optional 'flexmix', 'Rmixmod', and 'RMixtComp' backends. 'flexmix' and the default 'Rmixmod' path perform configurable warm-up trajectories and promote the best candidates to full SEM replications. 'Rmixmod' additionally exposes its native strategy interface, including chained SEM-to-EM estimation, whereas 'RMixtComp' exposes its native SEM and Gibbs controls without the external warm-up stage. Model assessment includes the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Schwarz information criterion (SIC), consistent AIC (CAIC), approximate weight of evidence (AWE), sample-size-adjusted BIC (SABIC), entropy, and average posterior probabilities. Model-comparison procedures include the ordinary likelihood-ratio test, the Mplus TECH11 Vuong-Lo-Mendell-Rubin and adjusted Lo-Mendell-Rubin tests, and fixed-replicate or sequential parametric bootstrap likelihood-ratio tests. Standard errors can be estimated by nonparametric bootstrap, numerical observed information, or analytic observed information based on Louis' identity. Classification-error-adjusted maximum-likelihood and Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars three-step methods support covariates predicting latent membership, initial-status and transition regressions, and latent classes or states predicting continuous and categorical external observed dependent variables. Simulation, posterior-probability, classification-error, extraction, summary, plotting, model-adjustment, and update utilities are also provided for reproducible workflows.


Reference manual

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install.packages("LCPA")

1.0.4 by Haijiang Qin, a month ago


Browse source code at https://github.com/cran/LCPA


Authors: Haijiang Qin [aut, cre, cph] (ORCID: , Lei Guo [aut, cph]


Documentation:   PDF Manual  


GPL-3 license


Imports reticulate, methods, CompQuadForm, clue, ggplot2, tidyr, dplyr, mvtnorm, Matrix, MASS, MplusAutomation, tidyselect, numDeriv, nloptr, patchwork, Rcpp, reshape2, scales

Suggests flexmix, Rmixmod, RMixtComp, RMixtCompUtilities

Linking to Rcpp, RcppArmadillo


See at CRAN