Mitigating Spatial Bias Through Geographical Complexity

The geographical complexity of individual variables can be characterized by the differences in local attribute variables, while the common geographical complexity of multiple variables can be represented by fluctuations in the similarity of vectors composed of multiple variables. In spatial regression tasks, the goodness of fit can be improved by incorporating a geographical complexity representation vector during modeling, using a geographical complexity-weighted spatial weight matrix, or employing local geographical complexity kernel density. Similarly, in spatial sampling tasks, samples can be selected more effectively by using a method that weights based on geographical complexity. By optimizing performance in spatial regression and spatial sampling tasks, the spatial bias of the model can be effectively reduced.

geocomplexity

Mitigating Spatial Bias Through Geographical Complexity

Installation

• Install from CRAN with:

install.packages("geocomplexity", dep = TRUE)

• Install development binary version from R-universe with:

install.packages('geocomplexity',
                 repos = c("https://ausgis.r-universe.dev",
                           "https://cloud.r-project.org"),
                 dep = TRUE)

• Install development source version from GitHub with:

# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("ausgis/geocomplexity",
                         build_vignettes = TRUE,
                         dep = TRUE)

Please ensure that appropriate C++ compilation environment is configured and Rcpp & RcppArmadillo is properly installed in advance if you want to install geocomplexity from source. See the next topic on C++ Settings for more information.

Set up to use C++ compilation environment

Windows:

• Download the Rtools installer that matches your version of R from https://cran.r-project.org/bin/windows/Rtools/
• Run the installer, Rtools.exe, keeping the default settings.

Linux

Debian/Ubuntu:

apt-get update
apt-get install r-base-dev

Fedora/RedHat: should be set up already.

MacOS

• Install the Xcode command line tool.

• Then, in the terminal:

  xcode-select --install