Methods for Handling and Analyzing Time Series of Satellite Images

Provides functions and methods for: splitting large raster objects into smaller chunks, transferring images from a binary format into raster layers, transferring raster layers into an 'RData' file, calculating the maximum gap (amount of consecutive missing values) of a numeric vector, and fitting harmonic regression models to periodic time series. The homoscedastic harmonic regression model is based on G. Roerink, M. Menenti and W. Verhoef (2000) .

Interpreting Time Series and Autocorrelated Data Using GAMMs

GAMM (Generalized Additive Mixed Modeling; Lin & Zhang, 1999) as implemented in the R package 'mgcv' (Wood, S.N., 2006; 2011) is a nonlinear regression analysis which is particularly useful for time course data such as EEG, pupil dilation, gaze data (eye tracking), and articulography recordings, but also for behavioral data such as reaction times and response data. As time course measures are sensitive to autocorrelation problems, GAMMs implements methods to reduce the autocorrelation problems. This package includes functions for the evaluation of GAMM models (e.g., model comparisons, determining regions of significance, inspection of autocorrelational structure in residuals) and interpreting of GAMMs (e.g., visualization of complex interactions, and contrasts).

Robust Covariance Matrix Estimators

Object-oriented software for model-robust covariance matrix estimators. Starting out from the basic robust Eicker-Huber-White sandwich covariance methods include: heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC) covariances for cross-section data; heteroscedasticity- and autocorrelation-consistent (HAC) covariances for time series data (such as Andrews' kernel HAC, Newey-West, and WEAVE estimators); clustered covariances (one-way and multi-way); panel and panel-corrected covariances; outer-product-of-gradients covariances; and (clustered) bootstrap covariances. All methods are applicable to (generalized) linear model objects fitted by lm() and glm() but can also be adapted to other classes through S3 methods. Details can be found in Zeileis et al. (2020) , Zeileis (2004) and Zeileis (2006) .

Conformal Time Series Forecasting Using State of Art Machine Learning Algorithms

Conformal time series forecasting using the caret infrastructure. It provides access to state-of-the-art machine learning models for forecasting applications. The hyperparameter of each model is selected based on time series cross-validation, and forecasting is done recursively.

Resampling Tools for Time Series Forecasting

A 'modeltime' extension that implements forecast resampling tools that assess time-based model performance and stability for a single time series, panel data, and cross-sectional time series analysis.

Forecasting Time Series by Theta Models

Routines for forecasting univariate time series using Theta Models.

Time Series Prediction with Integrated Tuning

Time series prediction is a critical task in data analysis, requiring not only the selection of appropriate models, but also suitable data preprocessing and tuning strategies. TSPredIT (Time Series Prediction with Integrated Tuning) is a framework that provides a seamless integration of data preprocessing, decomposition, model training, hyperparameter optimization, and evaluation. Unlike other frameworks, TSPredIT emphasizes the co-optimization of both preprocessing and modeling steps, improving predictive performance. It supports a variety of statistical and machine learning models, filtering techniques, outlier detection, data augmentation, and ensemble strategies. More information is available in Salles et al. .

Smoothing Long-Memory Time Series

The nonparametric trend and its derivatives in equidistant time series (TS) with long-memory errors can be estimated. The estimation is conducted via local polynomial regression using an automatically selected bandwidth obtained by a built-in iterative plug-in algorithm or a bandwidth fixed by the user. The smoothing methods of the package are described in Letmathe, S., Beran, J. and Feng, Y., (2023) .

Multivariate Time Series Data Imputation

This is an EM algorithm based method for imputation of missing values in multivariate normal time series. The imputation algorithm accounts for both spatial and temporal correlation structures. Temporal patterns can be modeled using an ARIMA(p,d,q), optionally with seasonal components, a non-parametric cubic spline or generalized additive models with exogenous covariates. This algorithm is specially tailored for climate data with missing measurements from several monitors along a given region.

Methods for Temporal Disaggregation and Interpolation of Time Series

Temporal disaggregation methods are used to disaggregate and interpolate a low frequency time series to a higher frequency series, where either the sum, the mean, the first or the last value of the resulting high frequency series is consistent with the low frequency series. Temporal disaggregation can be performed with or without one or more high frequency indicator series. Contains the methods of Chow-Lin, Santos-Silva-Cardoso, Fernandez, Litterman, Denton and Denton-Cholette, summarized in Sax and Steiner (2013) . Supports most R time series classes.