A Test Environment for Database Requests

Testing and documenting code that communicates with remote databases can be painful. Although the interaction with R is usually relatively simple (e.g. data(frames) passed to and from a database), because they rely on a separate service and the data there, testing them can be difficult to set up, unsustainable in a continuous integration environment, or impossible without replicating an entire production cluster. This package addresses that by allowing you to make recordings from your database interactions and then play them back while testing (or in other contexts) all without needing to spin up or have access to the database your code would typically connect to.

Deterministic Categorization of Items Based on External Code Data

Fast categorization of items based on external code data identified by regular expressions. A typical use case considers patient with medically coded data, such as codes from the International Classification of Diseases ('ICD') or the Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical ('ATC') classification system. Functions of the package relies on a triad of objects: (1) case data with unit id:s and possible dates of interest; (2) external code data for corresponding units in (1) and with optional dates of interest and; (3) a classification scheme ('classcodes' object) with regular expressions to identify and categorize relevant codes from (2). It is easy to introduce new classification schemes ('classcodes' objects) or to use default schemes included in the package. Use cases includes patient categorization based on 'comorbidity indices' such as 'Charlson', 'Elixhauser', 'RxRisk V', or the 'comorbidity-polypharmacy' score (CPS), as well as adverse events after hip and knee replacement surgery.

Make Fake Data

Make fake data that looks realistic, supporting addresses, person names, dates, times, colors, coordinates, currencies, digital object identifiers ('DOIs'), jobs, phone numbers, 'DNA' sequences, doubles and integers from distributions and within a range.

Parse Messy Geographic Coordinates

Parse messy geographic coordinates from various character formats to decimal degree numeric values. Parse coordinates into their parts (degree, minutes, seconds); calculate hemisphere from coordinates; pull out individually degrees, minutes, or seconds; add and subtract degrees, minutes, and seconds. C++ code herein originally inspired from code written by Jeffrey D. Bogan, but then completely re-written.

Sustainable Transport Planning

Tools for transport planning with an emphasis on spatial transport data and non-motorized modes. The package was originally developed to support the 'Propensity to Cycle Tool', a publicly available strategic cycle network planning tool (Lovelace et al. 2017) , but has since been extended to support public transport routing and accessibility analysis (Moreno-Monroy et al. 2017) and routing with locally hosted routing engines such as 'OSRM' (Lowans et al. 2023) . The main functions are for creating and manipulating geographic "desire lines" from origin-destination (OD) data (building on the 'od' package); calculating routes on the transport network locally and via interfaces to routing services such as < https://cyclestreets.net/> (Desjardins et al. 2021) ; and calculating route segment attributes such as bearing. The package implements the 'travel flow aggregration' method described in Morgan and Lovelace (2020) and the 'OD jittering' method described in Lovelace et al. (2022) . Further information on the package's aim and scope can be found in the vignettes and in a paper in the R Journal (Lovelace and Ellison 2018) , and in a paper outlining the landscape of open source software for geographic methods in transport planning (Lovelace, 2021) .

'OpenStreetMap' API

Interface to 'OpenStreetMap API' for fetching and saving data from/to the 'OpenStreetMap' database (< https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/API_v0.6>).

Efficiently Retrieve and Process Satellite Imagery

Downloads spatial data from spatiotemporal asset catalogs ('STAC'), computes standard spectral indices from the Awesome Spectral Indices project (Montero et al. (2023) ) against raster data, and glues the outputs together into predictor bricks. Methods focus on interoperability with the broader spatial ecosystem; function arguments and outputs use classes from 'sf' and 'terra', and data downloading functions support complex 'CQL2' queries using 'rstac'.

Edit and Validate Darwin Core Taxon Data

Edit and validate taxonomic data in compliance with Darwin Core standards (Darwin Core 'Taxon' class < https://dwc.tdwg.org/terms/#taxon>).

Call 'BEAST2'

'BEAST2' (< https://www.beast2.org>) is a widely used Bayesian phylogenetic tool, that uses DNA/RNA/protein data and many model priors to create a posterior of jointly estimated phylogenies and parameters. 'BEAST2' is a command-line tool. This package provides a way to call 'BEAST2' from an 'R' function call.

Taxonomic Information from Around the Web

Interacts with a suite of web 'APIs' for taxonomic tasks, such as getting database specific taxonomic identifiers, verifying species names, getting taxonomic hierarchies, fetching downstream and upstream taxonomic names, getting taxonomic synonyms, converting scientific to common names and vice versa, and more.