Computerized Adaptive Testing for Survey Research

Provides methods of computerized adaptive testing for survey researchers. See Montgomery and Rossiter (2020) . Includes functionality for data fit with the classic item response methods including the latent trait model, Birnbaum`s three parameter model, the graded response, and the generalized partial credit model. Additionally, includes several ability parameter estimation and item selection routines. During item selection, all calculations are done in compiled C++ code.

Visualizing Sensitivity

Designed to help the user to determine the sensitivity of an proposed causal effect to unconsidered common causes. Users can create visualizations of sensitivity, effect sizes, and determine which pattern of effects would support a causal claim for between group differences. Number needed to treat formula from Kraemer H.C. & Kupfer D.J. (2006) .

Spatial Modeling on Stream Networks

Spatial statistical modeling and prediction for data on stream networks, including models based on in-stream distance (Ver Hoef, J.M. and Peterson, E.E., (2010) .) Models are created using moving average constructions. Spatial linear models, including explanatory variables, can be fit with (restricted) maximum likelihood. Mapping and other graphical functions are included.

Combining Subset MCMC Samples to Estimate a Posterior Density

See Miroshnikov and Conlon (2014) . Recent Bayesian Markov chain Monto Carlo (MCMC) methods have been developed for big data sets that are too large to be analyzed using traditional statistical methods. These methods partition the data into non-overlapping subsets, and perform parallel independent Bayesian MCMC analyses on the data subsets, creating independent subposterior samples for each data subset. These independent subposterior samples are combined through four functions in this package, including averaging across subset samples, weighted averaging across subsets samples, and kernel smoothing across subset samples. The four functions assume the user has previously run the Bayesian analysis and has produced the independent subposterior samples outside of the package; the functions use as input the array of subposterior samples. The methods have been demonstrated to be useful for Bayesian MCMC models including Bayesian logistic regression, Bayesian Gaussian mixture models and Bayesian hierarchical Poisson-Gamma models. The methods are appropriate for Bayesian hierarchical models with hyperparameters, as long as data values in a single level of the hierarchy are not split into subsets.

Inverse Distance Weighted Percent Land Use for Streams

Compute spatially explicit land-use metrics for stream survey sites in GRASS GIS and R as an open-source implementation of IDW-PLUS (Inverse Distance Weighted Percent Land Use for Streams). The package includes functions for preprocessing digital elevation and streams data, and one function to compute all the spatially explicit land use metrics described in Peterson et al. (2011) and previously implemented by Peterson and Pearse (2017) in ArcGIS-Python as IDW-PLUS.

Effect Size and Confidence Interval Calculator

Measure of the Effect ('MOTE') is an effect size calculator, including a wide variety of effect sizes in the mean differences family (all versions of d) and the variance overlap family (eta, omega, epsilon, r). 'MOTE' provides non-central confidence intervals for each effect size, relevant test statistics, and output for reporting in APA Style (American Psychological Association, 2010, ) with 'LaTeX'. In research, an over-reliance on p-values may conceal the fact that a study is under-powered (Halsey, Curran-Everett, Vowler, & Drummond, 2015 ). A test may be statistically significant, yet practically inconsequential (Fritz, Scherndl, & Kühberger, 2012 ). Although the American Psychological Association has long advocated for the inclusion of effect sizes (Wilkinson & American Psychological Association Task Force on Statistical Inference, 1999 ), the vast majority of peer-reviewed, published academic studies stop short of reporting effect sizes and confidence intervals (Cumming, 2013, ). 'MOTE' simplifies the use and interpretation of effect sizes and confidence intervals. For more information, visit < https://www.aggieerin.com/shiny-server>.

Spatial Modeling on Stream Networks

Spatial statistical modeling and prediction for data on stream networks, including models based on in-stream distance (Ver Hoef, J.M. and Peterson, E.E., 2010. .) Models are created using moving average constructions. Spatial linear models, including explanatory variables, can be fit with (restricted) maximum likelihood. Mapping and other graphical functions are included.

Methods for Evaluating Principal Surrogates of Treatment Response

Contains the core methods for the evaluation of principal surrogates in a single clinical trial. Provides a flexible interface for defining models for the risk given treatment and the surrogate, the models for integration over the missing counterfactual surrogate responses, and the estimation methods. Estimated maximum likelihood and pseudo-score can be used for estimation, and the bootstrap for inference. A variety of post-estimation summary methods are provided, including print, summary, plot, and testing.

MCMC Sampling of Bayesian Linear Models via Summary Statistics

Methods for generating Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) posterior samples of Bayesian linear regression model parameters that require only summary statistics of data as input. Summary statistics are useful for systems with very limited amounts of physical memory. The package provides two functions: one function that computes summary statistics of data and one function that carries out the MCMC posterior sampling for Bayesian linear regression models where summary statistics are used as input. The function read.regress.data.ff utilizes the R package 'ff' to handle data sets that are too large to fit into a user's physical memory, by reading in data in chunks. See Miroshnikov, Savel'ev and Conlon (2015) .

Curve Registration for Exponential Family Functional Data

A method for performing joint registration and functional principal component analysis for curves (functional data) that are generated from exponential family distributions. This mainly implements the algorithms described in 'Wrobel et al. (2019)' and further adapts them to potentially incomplete curves where (some) curves are not observed from the beginning and/or until the end of the common domain. Curve registration can be used to better understand patterns in functional data by separating curves into phase and amplitude variability. This software handles both binary and continuous functional data, and is especially applicable in accelerometry and wearable technology.