Ancestor Regression

Causal discovery in linear structural equation models (Schultheiss, and Bühlmann (2023) ) and vector autoregressive models (Schultheiss, Ulmer, and Bühlmann (2025) ) with explicit error control for false discovery, at least asymptotically.

Post-Estimation Utilities for 'lavaan' Fitted Models

Companion toolbox for structural equation models fitted with 'lavaan'. Provides post-estimation diagnostics and graphics that operate directly on a fitted object using its estimates and covariance, and refits auxiliary models when needed. The package relies on 'lavaan' (Rosseel, 2012) .

Social Relations Analyses with Roles ("Family SRM")

Social Relations Analysis with roles ("Family SRM") are computed, using a structural equation modeling approach. Groups ranging from three members up to an unlimited number of members are supported and the mean structure can be computed. Means and variances can be compared between different groups of families and between roles.

Graphical Extension with Accuracy in Parameter Estimation (GAIPE)

Implements graphical extension with accuracy in parameter estimation (AIPE) on RMSEA for sample size planning in structural equation modeling based on Lin, T.-Z. & Weng, L.-J. (2014) . And, it can also implement AIPE on RMSEA and power analysis on RMSEA.

Computationally Efficient Maximum Likelihood Identification of Linear Dynamical Systems

Provides implementations of computationally efficient maximum likelihood parameter estimation algorithms for models representing linear dynamical systems. Currently, two such algorithms (one offline and one online) are implemented for the single-output cumulative structural equation model with an additive-noise output measurement equation and assumptions of normality and independence. The corresponding scientific papers are referenced in the descriptions of the functions implementing these algorithms.

Regularized Mediation Analysis

Mediation analysis for multiple mediators by penalized structural equation models with different types of penalties depending on whether there are multiple mediators and only one exposure and one outcome variable (using sparse group lasso) or multiple exposures, multiple mediators, and multiple outcome variables (using lasso, L1, penalties).

Latent Repeated Measures ANOVA

Latent repeated measures ANOVA (L-RM-ANOVA) is a structural equation modeling based alternative to traditional repeated measures ANOVA. L-RM-ANOVA extends the latent growth components approach by Mayer et al. (2012) and introduces latent variables to repeated measures analysis.

Model BIC Posterior Probability

Fits the neighboring models of a fitted structural equation model and assesses the model uncertainty of the fitted model based on BIC posterior probabilities (BPP), using the method presented in Wu, Cheung, and Leung (2020) . See Pesigan, Cheung, Wu, Chang, and Leung (2026) for an introduction to the package.

Multilevel Latent Time Series Models with 'R' and 'Stan'

Fit multilevel manifest or latent time-series models, including popular Dynamic Structural Equation Models (DSEM). The models can be set up and modified with user-friendly functions and are fit to the data using 'Stan' for Bayesian inference. Path models and formulas for user-defined models can be easily created with functions using 'knitr'. Asparouhov, Hamaker, & Muthen (2018) .

Power Analysis for Moderation and Mediation

Power analysis and sample size determination for moderation, mediation, and moderated mediation in models fitted by structural equation modelling using the 'lavaan' package by Rosseel (2012) or by multiple regression. The package 'manymome' by Cheung and Cheung (2024) is used to specify the indirect paths or conditional indirect paths to be tested.