Factor Big Integers with the Parallel Quadratic Sieve

Features the multiple polynomial quadratic sieve (MPQS) algorithm for factoring large integers and a vectorized factoring function that returns the complete factorization of an integer. The MPQS is based off of the seminal work of Carl Pomerance (1984) along with the modification of multiple polynomials introduced by Peter Montgomery and J. Davis as outlined by Robert D. Silverman (1987) . Utilizes the C library GMP (GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic) and 'RcppThread' for sieving multiple polynomials in parallel. The Pollard's rho algorithm for factoring smaller numbers is the same algorithm used by the factorize function in the 'gmp' package.